make -r -f /dev/null -V 'begin ${MAKEFLAGS} end'
begin  -r -k -d 0  end

make -:
usage: make [-BeikNnqrSstWwX]
            [-C directory] [-D variable] [-d flags] [-f makefile]
            [-I directory] [-J private] [-j max_jobs] [-m directory]
            [-T file] [-V variable] [-v variable]
            [variable=value ...] [target ...]
*** Error code 2 (ignored)

make -r -f /dev/null -- -VAR=value -f /dev/null
make: don't know how to make -f (continuing)
`/dev/null' is up to date.

Stop.
make: stopped making "-f /dev/null" in unit-tests
*** Error code 1 (ignored)

make -?
usage: make [-BeikNnqrSstWwX]
            [-C directory] [-D variable] [-d flags] [-f makefile]
            [-I directory] [-J private] [-j max_jobs] [-m directory]
            [-T file] [-V variable] [-v variable]
            [variable=value ...] [target ...]
*** Error code 2 (ignored)

exit status 0