//go:generate ../../../tools/readme_config_includer/generator
package procstat

import (
	"bytes"
	_ "embed"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"path/filepath"
	"runtime"
	"slices"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	gopsprocess "github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v4/process"

	"github.com/influxdata/telegraf"
	"github.com/influxdata/telegraf/internal/choice"
	"github.com/influxdata/telegraf/plugins/inputs"
)

//go:embed sample.conf
var sampleConfig string

// execCommand is so tests can mock out exec.Command usage.
var execCommand = exec.Command

type pid int32

type Procstat struct {
	PidFinder              string          `toml:"pid_finder"`
	PidFile                string          `toml:"pid_file"`
	Exe                    string          `toml:"exe"`
	Pattern                string          `toml:"pattern"`
	Prefix                 string          `toml:"prefix"`
	CmdLineTag             bool            `toml:"cmdline_tag" deprecated:"1.29.0;1.40.0;use 'tag_with' instead"`
	ProcessName            string          `toml:"process_name"`
	User                   string          `toml:"user"`
	SystemdUnit            string          `toml:"systemd_unit"`
	SupervisorUnit         []string        `toml:"supervisor_unit" deprecated:"1.29.0;1.40.0;use 'supervisor_units' instead"`
	SupervisorUnits        []string        `toml:"supervisor_units"`
	IncludeSystemdChildren bool            `toml:"include_systemd_children"`
	CGroup                 string          `toml:"cgroup"`
	PidTag                 bool            `toml:"pid_tag" deprecated:"1.29.0;1.40.0;use 'tag_with' instead"`
	WinService             string          `toml:"win_service"`
	Mode                   string          `toml:"mode"`
	Properties             []string        `toml:"properties"`
	SocketProtocols        []string        `toml:"socket_protocols"`
	TagWith                []string        `toml:"tag_with"`
	Filter                 []filter        `toml:"filter"`
	Log                    telegraf.Logger `toml:"-"`

	finder    pidFinder
	processes map[string]map[pid]process
	cfg       collectionConfig
	oldMode   bool

	createProcess func(pid) (process, error)
}

type collectionConfig struct {
	solarisMode  bool
	tagging      map[string]bool
	features     map[string]bool
	socketProtos []string
}

type pidsTags struct {
	PIDs []pid
	Tags map[string]string
}

type processGroup struct {
	processes []*gopsprocess.Process
	tags      map[string]string
	level     int
}

func (*Procstat) SampleConfig() string {
	return sampleConfig
}

func (p *Procstat) Init() error {
	// Keep the old settings for compatibility
	if p.PidTag && !choice.Contains("pid", p.TagWith) {
		p.TagWith = append(p.TagWith, "pid")
	}
	if p.CmdLineTag && !choice.Contains("cmdline", p.TagWith) {
		p.TagWith = append(p.TagWith, "cmdline")
	}

	// Configure metric collection features
	p.cfg.solarisMode = strings.EqualFold(p.Mode, "solaris")

	// Convert tagging settings
	p.cfg.tagging = make(map[string]bool, len(p.TagWith))
	for _, tag := range p.TagWith {
		switch tag {
		case "cmdline", "pid", "ppid", "status", "user", "child_level", "parent_pid", "level":
		case "protocol", "state", "src", "src_port", "dest", "dest_port", "name": // socket only
			if !slices.Contains(p.Properties, "sockets") {
				return fmt.Errorf("socket tagging option %q specified without sockets enabled", tag)
			}
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("invalid 'tag_with' setting %q", tag)
		}
		p.cfg.tagging[tag] = true
	}

	// Convert collection properties
	p.cfg.features = make(map[string]bool, len(p.Properties))
	for _, prop := range p.Properties {
		switch prop {
		case "cpu", "limits", "memory", "mmap":
		case "sockets":
			if len(p.SocketProtocols) == 0 {
				p.SocketProtocols = []string{"all"}
			}
			protos := make(map[string]bool, len(p.SocketProtocols))
			for _, proto := range p.SocketProtocols {
				switch proto {
				case "all":
					if len(protos) > 0 || len(p.SocketProtocols) > 1 {
						return errors.New("additional 'socket_protocol' settings besides 'all' are not allowed")
					}
				case "tcp4", "tcp6", "udp4", "udp6", "unix":
				default:
					return fmt.Errorf("invalid 'socket_protocol' setting %q", proto)
				}
				if protos[proto] {
					return fmt.Errorf("duplicate %q in 'socket_protocol' setting", proto)
				}
				protos[proto] = true
				p.cfg.socketProtos = append(p.cfg.socketProtos, proto)
			}
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("invalid 'properties' setting %q", prop)
		}
		p.cfg.features[prop] = true
	}

	// Check if we got any new-style configuration options and determine
	// operation mode.
	p.oldMode = len(p.Filter) == 0
	if p.oldMode {
		// Keep the old settings for compatibility
		for _, u := range p.SupervisorUnit {
			if !choice.Contains(u, p.SupervisorUnits) {
				p.SupervisorUnits = append(p.SupervisorUnits, u)
			}
		}

		// Check filtering
		switch {
		case len(p.SupervisorUnits) > 0, p.SystemdUnit != "", p.WinService != "",
			p.CGroup != "", p.PidFile != "", p.Exe != "", p.Pattern != "",
			p.User != "":
			// Do nothing as those are valid settings
		default:
			return errors.New("require filter option but none set")
		}

		// Instantiate the finder
		switch p.PidFinder {
		case "", "pgrep":
			p.PidFinder = "pgrep"
			finder, err := newPgrepFinder()
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("creating pgrep finder failed: %w", err)
			}
			p.finder = finder
		case "native":
			// gopsutil relies on pgrep when looking up children on darwin
			// see https://github.com/shirou/gopsutil/blob/v3.23.10/process/process_darwin.go#L235
			requiresChildren := len(p.SupervisorUnits) > 0 && p.Pattern != ""
			if requiresChildren && runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
				return errors.New("configuration requires 'pgrep' finder on your OS")
			}
			p.finder = &NativeFinder{}
		case "test":
			p.Log.Warn("running in test mode")
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("unknown pid_finder %q", p.PidFinder)
		}
	} else {
		// Check for mixed mode
		switch {
		case p.PidFile != "", p.Exe != "", p.Pattern != "", p.User != "",
			p.SystemdUnit != "", len(p.SupervisorUnit) > 0,
			len(p.SupervisorUnits) > 0, p.CGroup != "", p.WinService != "":
			return errors.New("cannot operate in mixed mode with filters and old-style config")
		}

		// New-style operations
		for i := range p.Filter {
			p.Filter[i].Log = p.Log
			if err := p.Filter[i].init(); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("initializing filter %d failed: %w", i, err)
			}
		}
	}

	// Initialize the running process cache
	p.processes = make(map[string]map[pid]process)

	return nil
}

func (p *Procstat) Gather(acc telegraf.Accumulator) error {
	if p.oldMode {
		return p.gatherOld(acc)
	}

	return p.gatherNew(acc)
}

func (p *Procstat) gatherOld(acc telegraf.Accumulator) error {
	now := time.Now()
	results, err := p.findPids()
	if err != nil {
		// Add lookup error-metric
		fields := map[string]interface{}{
			"pid_count":   0,
			"running":     0,
			"result_code": 1,
		}
		tags := map[string]string{
			"pid_finder": p.PidFinder,
			"result":     "lookup_error",
		}
		for _, pidTag := range results {
			for key, value := range pidTag.Tags {
				tags[key] = value
			}
		}
		acc.AddFields("procstat_lookup", fields, tags, now)
		return err
	}

	// Use empty string as filter key for old mode (single implicit filter)
	const oldModeKey = ""
	if p.processes[oldModeKey] == nil {
		p.processes[oldModeKey] = make(map[pid]process)
	}
	procs := p.processes[oldModeKey]

	var count int
	running := make(map[pid]bool)
	for _, r := range results {
		if len(r.PIDs) < 1 && len(p.SupervisorUnits) > 0 {
			continue
		}
		count += len(r.PIDs)
		for _, pid := range r.PIDs {
			// Check if the process is still running
			proc, err := p.createProcess(pid)
			if err != nil {
				// No problem; process may have ended after we found it or it
				// might be delivered from a non-checking source like a PID file
				// of a dead process.
				continue
			}

			// Use the cached processes as we need the existing instances
			// to compute delta-metrics (e.g. cpu-usage).
			if cached, found := procs[pid]; found {
				proc = cached
			} else {
				// We've found a process that was not recorded before so add it
				// to the list of processes

				//nolint:errcheck // Assumption: if a process has no name, it probably does not exist
				if name, _ := proc.Name(); name == "" {
					continue
				}

				// Add initial tags
				for k, v := range r.Tags {
					proc.setTag(k, v)
				}

				if p.ProcessName != "" {
					proc.setTag("process_name", p.ProcessName)
				}
				procs[pid] = proc
			}
			running[pid] = true
			metrics, err := proc.metrics(p.Prefix, &p.cfg, now)
			if err != nil {
				// Continue after logging an error as there might still be
				// metrics available
				acc.AddError(err)
			}
			for _, m := range metrics {
				acc.AddMetric(m)
			}
		}
	}

	// Cleanup processes that are not running anymore
	for pid := range procs {
		if !running[pid] {
			delete(procs, pid)
		}
	}

	// Add lookup statistics-metric
	fields := map[string]interface{}{
		"pid_count":   count,
		"running":     len(running),
		"result_code": 0,
	}
	tags := map[string]string{
		"pid_finder": p.PidFinder,
		"result":     "success",
	}
	for _, pidTag := range results {
		for key, value := range pidTag.Tags {
			tags[key] = value
		}
	}
	if len(p.SupervisorUnits) > 0 {
		tags["supervisor_unit"] = strings.Join(p.SupervisorUnits, ";")
	}
	acc.AddFields("procstat_lookup", fields, tags, now)

	return nil
}

func (p *Procstat) gatherNew(acc telegraf.Accumulator) error {
	now := time.Now()
	for _, f := range p.Filter {
		groups, err := f.applyFilter()
		if err != nil {
			// Add lookup error-metric
			acc.AddFields(
				"procstat_lookup",
				map[string]interface{}{
					"pid_count":   0,
					"running":     0,
					"result_code": 1,
				},
				map[string]string{
					"filter": f.Name,
					"result": "lookup_error",
				},
				now,
			)
			acc.AddError(fmt.Errorf("applying filter %q failed: %w", f.Name, err))
			continue
		}

		// Initialize the process cache for this filter if needed
		if p.processes[f.Name] == nil {
			p.processes[f.Name] = make(map[pid]process)
		}
		filterProcs := p.processes[f.Name]

		// Track running processes for this filter to clean up stale entries
		running := make(map[pid]bool)

		var count int
		for _, g := range groups {
			count += len(g.processes)
			level := strconv.Itoa(g.level)
			for _, gp := range g.processes {
				// Skip over non-running processes
				if isRunning, err := gp.IsRunning(); err != nil || !isRunning {
					continue
				}

				// Use the cached processes as we need the existing instances
				// to compute delta-metrics (e.g. cpu-usage).
				pid := pid(gp.Pid)
				process, found := filterProcs[pid]
				if !found {
					//nolint:errcheck // Assumption: if a process has no name, it probably does not exist
					if name, _ := gp.Name(); name == "" {
						continue
					}

					// We've found a process that was not recorded before so add it
					// to the list of processes
					tags := make(map[string]string, len(g.tags)+2)
					for k, v := range g.tags {
						tags[k] = v
					}
					if p.ProcessName != "" {
						tags["process_name"] = p.ProcessName
					}
					tags["filter"] = f.Name
					if p.cfg.tagging["level"] {
						tags["level"] = level
					}

					process = &proc{
						Process:     gp,
						hasCPUTimes: false,
						tags:        tags,
					}
					filterProcs[pid] = process
				}
				running[pid] = true
				metrics, err := process.metrics(p.Prefix, &p.cfg, now)
				if err != nil {
					// Continue after logging an error as there might still be
					// metrics available
					acc.AddError(err)
				}
				for _, m := range metrics {
					acc.AddMetric(m)
				}
			}
			if p.cfg.tagging["level"] {
				// Add lookup statistics-metric
				acc.AddFields(
					"procstat_lookup",
					map[string]interface{}{
						"pid_count":   len(g.processes),
						"running":     len(running),
						"result_code": 0,
						"level":       g.level,
					},
					map[string]string{
						"filter": f.Name,
						"result": "success",
					},
					now,
				)
			}
		}

		// Cleanup processes that are not running anymore for this filter
		for pid := range filterProcs {
			if !running[pid] {
				delete(filterProcs, pid)
			}
		}

		// Add lookup statistics-metric
		acc.AddFields(
			"procstat_lookup",
			map[string]interface{}{
				"pid_count":   count,
				"running":     len(running),
				"result_code": 0,
			},
			map[string]string{
				"filter": f.Name,
				"result": "success",
			},
			now,
		)
	}

	return nil
}

// Get matching PIDs and their initial tags
func (p *Procstat) findPids() ([]pidsTags, error) {
	switch {
	case len(p.SupervisorUnits) > 0:
		return p.findSupervisorUnits()
	case p.SystemdUnit != "":
		return p.systemdUnitPIDs()
	case p.WinService != "":
		pids, err := p.winServicePIDs()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"win_service": p.WinService}
		return []pidsTags{{pids, tags}}, nil
	case p.CGroup != "":
		return p.cgroupPIDs()
	case p.PidFile != "":
		pids, err := p.finder.pidFile(p.PidFile)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"pidfile": p.PidFile}
		return []pidsTags{{pids, tags}}, nil
	case p.Exe != "":
		pids, err := p.finder.pattern(p.Exe)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"exe": p.Exe}
		return []pidsTags{{pids, tags}}, nil
	case p.Pattern != "":
		pids, err := p.finder.fullPattern(p.Pattern)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"pattern": p.Pattern}
		return []pidsTags{{pids, tags}}, nil
	case p.User != "":
		pids, err := p.finder.uid(p.User)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"user": p.User}
		return []pidsTags{{pids, tags}}, nil
	}
	return nil, errors.New("no filter option set")
}

func (p *Procstat) findSupervisorUnits() ([]pidsTags, error) {
	groups, groupsTags, err := p.supervisorPIDs()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting supervisor PIDs failed: %w", err)
	}

	// According to the PID, find the system process number and get the child processes
	pidTags := make([]pidsTags, 0, len(groups))
	for _, group := range groups {
		grppid := groupsTags[group]["pid"]
		if grppid == "" {
			pidTags = append(pidTags, pidsTags{nil, groupsTags[group]})
			continue
		}

		processID, err := strconv.ParseInt(grppid, 10, 32)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("converting PID %q failed: %w", grppid, err)
		}

		// Get all children of the supervisor unit
		pids, err := p.finder.children(pid(processID))
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting children for %d failed: %w", processID, err)
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"pattern": p.Pattern, "parent_pid": p.Pattern}

		// Handle situations where the PID does not exist
		if len(pids) == 0 {
			continue
		}

		// Merge tags map
		for k, v := range groupsTags[group] {
			_, ok := tags[k]
			if !ok {
				tags[k] = v
			}
		}
		// Remove duplicate pid tags
		delete(tags, "pid")
		pidTags = append(pidTags, pidsTags{pids, tags})
	}
	return pidTags, nil
}

func (p *Procstat) supervisorPIDs() ([]string, map[string]map[string]string, error) {
	out, err := execCommand("supervisorctl", "status", strings.Join(p.SupervisorUnits, " ")).Output()
	if err != nil {
		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "exit status 3") {
			return nil, nil, err
		}
	}
	lines := strings.Split(string(out), "\n")
	// Get the PID, running status, running time and boot time of the main process:
	// pid 11779, uptime 17:41:16
	// Exited too quickly (process log may have details)
	mainPids := make(map[string]map[string]string)
	for _, line := range lines {
		if line == "" {
			continue
		}

		kv := strings.Fields(line)
		if len(kv) < 2 {
			// Not a key-value pair
			continue
		}
		name := kv[0]

		statusMap := map[string]string{
			"supervisor_unit": name,
			"status":          kv[1],
		}

		switch kv[1] {
		case "FATAL", "EXITED", "BACKOFF", "STOPPING":
			statusMap["error"] = strings.Join(kv[2:], " ")
		case "RUNNING":
			statusMap["pid"] = strings.ReplaceAll(kv[3], ",", "")
			statusMap["uptimes"] = kv[5]
		case "STOPPED", "UNKNOWN", "STARTING":
			// No additional info
		}
		mainPids[name] = statusMap
	}

	return p.SupervisorUnits, mainPids, nil
}

func (p *Procstat) systemdUnitPIDs() ([]pidsTags, error) {
	if p.IncludeSystemdChildren {
		// Adapt the path for newer versions of systemd
		p.CGroup = "systemd/system.slice/" + p.SystemdUnit
		if _, err := os.Stat("/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd/system.slice"); errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
			p.CGroup = "system.slice/" + p.SystemdUnit
		}
		return p.cgroupPIDs()
	}

	pids, err := p.simpleSystemdUnitPIDs()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	tags := map[string]string{"systemd_unit": p.SystemdUnit}
	return []pidsTags{{pids, tags}}, nil
}

func (p *Procstat) simpleSystemdUnitPIDs() ([]pid, error) {
	out, err := execCommand("systemctl", "show", p.SystemdUnit).Output()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	lines := bytes.Split(out, []byte{'\n'})
	pids := make([]pid, 0, len(lines))
	for _, line := range lines {
		kv := bytes.SplitN(line, []byte{'='}, 2)
		if len(kv) != 2 {
			continue
		}
		if !bytes.Equal(kv[0], []byte("MainPID")) {
			continue
		}
		if len(kv[1]) == 0 || bytes.Equal(kv[1], []byte("0")) {
			return nil, nil
		}
		processID, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(kv[1]), 10, 32)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid pid %q", kv[1])
		}
		pids = append(pids, pid(processID))
	}

	return pids, nil
}

func (p *Procstat) cgroupPIDs() ([]pidsTags, error) {
	procsPath := p.CGroup
	if procsPath[0] != '/' {
		procsPath = "/sys/fs/cgroup/" + procsPath
	}

	items, err := filepath.Glob(procsPath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("glob failed: %w", err)
	}

	pidTags := make([]pidsTags, 0, len(items))
	for _, item := range items {
		pids, err := singleCgroupPIDs(item)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		tags := map[string]string{"cgroup": p.CGroup, "cgroup_full": item}
		pidTags = append(pidTags, pidsTags{pids, tags})
	}

	return pidTags, nil
}

func singleCgroupPIDs(path string) ([]pid, error) {
	ok, err := isDir(path)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if !ok {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("not a directory %s", path)
	}
	procsPath := filepath.Join(path, "cgroup.procs")
	out, err := os.ReadFile(procsPath)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	lines := bytes.Split(out, []byte{'\n'})
	pids := make([]pid, 0, len(lines))
	for _, pidBS := range lines {
		if len(pidBS) == 0 {
			continue
		}
		processID, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(pidBS), 10, 32)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid pid %q", pidBS)
		}
		pids = append(pids, pid(processID))
	}

	return pids, nil
}

func isDir(path string) (bool, error) {
	result, err := os.Stat(path)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	return result.IsDir(), nil
}

func (p *Procstat) winServicePIDs() ([]pid, error) {
	processID, err := queryPidWithWinServiceName(p.WinService)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return []pid{pid(processID)}, nil
}

func init() {
	inputs.Add("procstat", func() telegraf.Input {
		return &Procstat{
			Properties:    []string{"cpu", "memory", "mmap"},
			createProcess: newProc,
		}
	})
}